Smelting Furnace

Smelting Furnace & Melting Furnace

The performance of smelting furnace and smelting furnace is different, and the appropriate furnace is selected according to the characteristics of raw materials. , electric arc furnace, submerged arc furnace, etc.; while the function of melting furnace is relatively simple, melting metal waste into liquid, and further processing it into metal products of specific forms, such as intermediate frequency furnace, cupola and so on.

1.Blast furnace-Extracting iron from iron ore

Blast furnace smelting is a continuous production process that reduces iron ore to pig iron. The solid raw materials such as iron ore, coke and flux are fed into the blast furnace in batches from the furnace top charging device according to the prescribed proportioning ratio, and the furnace throat material surface is kept at a certain height. The coke and ore form an alternating layered structure in the furnace. During the descending process, the ore material is gradually reduced and melted into iron and slag, which are accumulated in the hearth, and are regularly discharged from the iron and slag holes.

2.Electric Arc Furnace-Adjusting Metal Composition

Electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that smelts ores and metals using the high temperature generated by an electrode arc. When the gas discharge forms an arc, the energy is very concentrated, and the temperature of the arc zone is above 3000 °C. For metal smelting, the electric arc furnace is more flexible than other steelmaking furnaces, and can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus. The furnace temperature is easy to control, and the equipment occupies a small area.

3.Converter-Blowing oxygen Steelmaking

Converter steelmaking uses molten iron, scrap steel, and ferroalloy as the main raw materials, without the aid of external energy, relying on the physical heat of the molten iron itself and the chemical reaction between the components of the molten iron to generate heat to complete the steelmaking process in the converter. According to the refractory material, the converter is divided into acidic and basic, and according to the parts where the gas is blown into the furnace, there are top blowing, bottom blowing and side blowing; according to the type of gas, it is divided into air converter and oxygen converter. Basic oxygen top-blowing and top-bottom double-blowing converters are the most commonly used steelmaking equipment due to their fast production speed, large output, high output per furnace, low cost, and low investment. Converters are mainly used for the production of carbon steel, alloy steel and the smelting of copper and nickel.

4.Submerged Arc Furnace-Ferroalloy making

Submerged arc furnace is also called electric arc furnace or electric resistance furnace. It is mainly used for reducing smelting ores, carbonaceous reducing agents and solvents and other raw materials. It mainly produces ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy and other ferroalloys, which are important industrial raw materials in the metallurgical industry and chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide. The load of the submerged arc furnace transformer is continuous and stable, the impedance voltage is low, the number of voltage regulation stages is large, and the level difference is small and the overload capacity is strong. It can be divided into on-load and non-excitation voltage regulation. Generally, the first few stages have constant capacity output, and the latter stages have constant current output.

5.Medium frequency induction furnace-Melting scrap

Induction furnace steelmaking is a steelmaking method that uses induction electrothermal effect to heat and melt metals. It is especially suitable for smelting a small amount of high-quality steel and alloy with high-quality raw materials (high-quality scrap steel, ferroalloy, etc.). A vacuum induction furnace equipped with a vacuum system is an important equipment for smelting high-quality alloys.